Sinethemba Mkhize, AECI Specialty Chemicals
PAPER
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Abstract
Silane additives undergo three crucial mechanisms, namely hydrolysis, re-esterification and condensation. These reactions are influenced by soap phase pH levels. The cationic emulsion soaps are prepared with hydrochloric acid to reach pH 1.5- 3. Sodium hydroxide is generally used for anionic emulsions to produce a soap phase at pH 10.5 – 12.5.
Two types of silane additives, namely, cationic based surfactant silane and anionic based surfactant silane, were tested in solutions at various pH levels. Further tests were conducted to use these differently charged silane additives in cationic and anionic emulsions. The incompatibility between silane additive surfactant charge and emulsion charge led to premature self-reactions, observed as additive crystals (silane converted to polysiloxanes) in solution. The application tests on emulsions showed good performance where there was good compatibility between similar charges of silane additive chemistry and emulsion charge or type.
